Feline Infectious Peritonitis Resistance (FIPR) SENSOR

Acronym:	FIPR
Gene:	Multigene panel
Mutation:	Point mutation
Inheritance:	Complex
Sample type:	CHS (Cheek Swab), WBE (Whole Blood EDTA)

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Genetics and characteristics

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is an immune-mediated, highly lethal disease caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection. Most deaths from FIP occur in cats 3-16 months of age and are uncommon after 3-5 years. The incidence of FIP is high and ranges from 1:300 to 1:100 cats but is significantly higher among kittens and younger cats originating from pure breed catteries and shelters. An average of 1-5% of young cattery or shelter cats die from Feline Infectious Peritonitis Resistance, with losses in catteries higher than from shelters.

Currently, no protective vaccine or effective treatment for the disease is available. Some cats survive the challenge of virulent FCoV isolates and this protective immunity to FIP is connected to polymorphisms in the IFNG gene that codes for interferon-γ, a crucial regulatory cytokine in cell-mediated immunity and is important for the control of intracellular pathogens, the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (fTNFA) gene and two polymorphisms in fCD209 gene that codes for a specific adhesion molecule which affects the binding and infection of feline coronavirus. In addition to variants responsible for increased immunity to FIP, two polymorphisms in fCD209 were associated with increased susceptibility to infection. These protective polymorphisms can be screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Genetic testing allows us to detect protective polymorphisms. The combination of only six polymorphisms cannot ensure complete protection from FIP infection, but it can greatly reduce the probability of developing FIP.

 

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Results Reported As

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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References:

Hsieh, L.-E., and Chueh, L.-L. (2014). Identification and genotyping of feline infectious peritonitis-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in the feline interferon-γ gene. Vet Res 45, 57.

Pedersen, N.C. (2009). A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963-2008. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 11, 225–258.

Wang, Y.-T., Hsieh, L.-E., Dai, Y.-R., and Chueh, L.-L. (2014). Polymorphisms in the feline TNFA and CD209 genes are associated with the outcome of feline coronavirus infection. Vet. Res. 45, 123.