General questions

Who should test?

If you are a breeder, prospective owner or someone looking for an animal with certain characteristics, testing can help you in decision making about buying a new pet or your breeding plan.

Why test?

Whether you are buying a pet or breeding animals it is important to know if the animal will come down with some disease or if it has a wanted trait. In accordance to test result you can decide how to breed the animal or it should be excluded from further breeding. It is very important to know if your animal is a heterozygous because of the possibility of transmitting the mutation to offspring.

What are inherited genetic diseases?

Inherited genetic diseases are diseases that can be passed from parent to offspring through reproduction. Every animal has two copies of each gene, one copy from their mother and one from their father. Mistakes (mutations) in genes can result in disruption of normal cell processes and lead to a disease that can be transmitted to offspring.

What is the best age of the animal for performing a genetic test?

Tests can be performed at any age and the result is valid for entire life of the animal. The only limitation is the sampling of mucosa cells in the nursing cubs because cross contamination could occur between cubs or a cub and the mother. In collection instructions you can find in details how to prepare nursing cubs for sampling.

Do animals need to be tattooed or microchipped in order to be tested?

A tattoo or a microchip is not required in order to test the animal, but in this case you get a test result with a notice that the identity of the animal has not been confirmed. Animal’s identity can be confirmed by a veterinarian.

Can you test the DNA from a deceased animal?

If you own an object chewed by the animal it is likely that we will be able to isolate the DNA of the animal and perform the analysis. It is important that other animals have not been in contact with that object. If that is the case, it is possible that the isolated DNA comes from another animal.

Why should I order a panel?

Panels contain tests for certain diseases that occur in certain breeds. By ordering a panel you get all the necessary information to prevent passing the diseases causing mutation to offspring, and all that for a lower price that you would pay if ordering the tests separately.

Why is DNA profiling important?

Through DNA profiling, breeders are capable of precisely following the bloodline of an animal. DNA profile can confirm the pedigree of an animal, and therefore confirm that the animal is healthy or purebred. Owning a DNA profile is also important in cases of animal theft or loss and lifelong identification (in case of michrochip failure).

Why should parentage testing be performed?

Even though most think they know animal’s parents identity, it is often not the case. Research has shown that frequency of mistakes in breeding registers is 10-15%. For that reason a lot of breeding associations and clubs use DNA testing prior to litter registration to check the credibility of alleged parents.

Why do you need to test the dam in parentage testing? I know the dam.

You may know who the dam is but we need to know the genetic profile of the dam in order to know which genetic markers must come from the sire.

Why PCR based tests are better than serological test for detection of pathogens?

In serological testing, false positive results are more frequent due to cross-reactivity, while PCR based tests are more specific because the genetic sequence unique to a certain pathogen is detected. The specificity of PCR based methods drastically lessens the amount of false positive results. False negative results are also a rarity in these tests in comparison to serological ones because of their high sensitivity – pathogens can be detected in latent or early stages of infection and other cases with low levels of pathogen in the sample.

Do you perform any quality control tests in your assay?

To confirm that the test continues to perform properly and ensure the quality and accuracy of performed test, besides the samples for testing, we run a number of control samples on regular basis.

Services we offer

Where can I find a list of tests you offer?

The complete offer of available test can be found on our web page. Currently there are available genetic test for dogs, cats, horses, cattle, birds, and pathogens.

Do you offer DNA banking service? Why is important to bank DNA?

We offer DNA banking service in duration of 10 years according to the price found in current pricelist. By long-term storage of your animal’s DNA you can test your animal for any disease causing mutation or trait as methods develop without the need for repetitive sampling and make a DNA profile from stored DNA in case of animal loss or theft.

What if I wish to test an animal for a disease not found in your offer?

Or offer is regularly increased with new tests. If we are not currently offering a test you are interested in, you can contact us so we could consider introducing the test and inform you in case of introducing that test. We also recommend signing up to our newsletter so you can receive notices about newly introduced test and discounts.

Why are some test available for only certain breeds? Can I test the animal for a disease found in other breeds?

Tests are performed only for listed breeds, because only in those breeds the disease-causing mutation has been detected. Even if the disease occurs in other breed, the disease-causing mutation for that breed has not been found yet, and currently available test cannot determine whether the animal will get sick or not.

What if my dog is a designer breed (parents belong to two different purebred breeds)? What tests should I order?

If your dog is a designer breed (parents belong to two different purebred breeds) such as labradoodle, peekapoo, puggle etc, it should be tested for diseases common in both parent breeds.

Do you offer parentage testing and DNA profiling?

We offer both parentage testing and DNA profiling. We offer DNA profiling for dogs, horses and cattle. Parentage testing is also done for mentioned species, in this case you get a result of parentage test and DNA profiles for potential sire, dam and offspring.

Can I test the animal to see from which breeds it has descended?

In our offer, we do not have a test that can show which breeds contributed in creating your animal, but by parentage testing you can determine biological parents of the animal and therefore the descendant breeds (only if case of purebred parents).

What is genetic counseling?

Genetic counseling is providing information on the chance or risk of genetic disease occurring in offspring. We will be happy to answer any of your questions and give you advices on appropriate breeding pairs.

Ordering a test

How can I place an order?

You can place an order in our web shop. We recommend registering on our website so you don’t need to retype your personal information if you decide to reorder the same or any other test and signing up to our newsletter. You can also place an order as a guest.

Where can I order the collection kit?

When ordering the test you get the collection kit for a fee of 2.50 € that also includes local shipping. The fee is the same regardless of the number of ordered collection kits.

Which information I have to enter if I wish to register?

For registration first and last name (or company name), e-mail address, password and billing and shipping addresses are needed.

Who can order the test?

The laboratory accepts worldwide orders. If you need more information about ordering conditions and shipping to certain countries you can contact us through our online contact form or e-mail.

What is Animal ID and why do I have to enter it?

Animal ID refers to a name of the animal or other way of identification such as michrochip or tattoo number. We need the Animal ID to know the number of collection kits we have to send and to know which test is for which animal. Please, be careful that you write same ID you entered in our web shop on the collection kit while sending the samples.

What if I want to order several test for one animal? Do I have to send a separate sample for each test?

No, you do not. One sample is enough DNA to perform several tests for the animal, with a condition that the sampling was proper. You get the collection instructions together with the DNA collection kit, but the instructions can also be found on our website.

Can I cancel the order?

The order can be canceled before receiving the samples. The deadline for cancellation is 14 days from placing an order. In case of cancellation the payment is returned within 15 days, deduced for a cancellation fee of 4.50 €.

Payment

Where can I see the prices?

On our website you can find pages for tests for dogs, cats and other animals, together with prices, categorized in next categories: inherited diseases, inherited traits, infectious diseases and other tests.

How can I pay?

Payment can be made by direct bank transfer, via PayPal or T-Com Payway with credit or debit card – one-time payment with American Express, MasterCard, Diners, Visa and Maestro. You choose the method of payment during checkout.

When should I pay for the test?

The payment should be completed while ordering the test. When ordering the test you get the collection kit for a fee of 2.50 € that also includes local shipping. The fee is the same regardless of the number of ordered collection kits. In case of bad quality of the sample, you will be asked to send new samples, free of charge.

Why do some tests cost more than others?

Test prices are determined according to the amount and price of the material used and the complexity of the analytical method. In case you want to order several tests for one animal we recommend that you take a look at panels of tests in our offer.

How do I pay if I have a coupon?

If you have a coupon for discount you can apply it while checking your cart or during checkout.

Taxes

My residence is in Germany, where VAT is 19%. Why is the charged VAT on Animalabs© receipt 25%?

Fundamental taxing rule for a taxpayer (Animalabs©) that sells services to non-taxpayers, or B2C (business to consumers), says that a service provider has to charge its customers VAT at the rate that applies in its country. Since VAT in Croatia is 25%, AnimaLabs has to charge its customers VAT rate of 25%.

http://europa.eu/youreurope/business/vat-customs/cross-border/index_en.htm

My residence is in a country outside of EU, do I pay the VAT for AnimaLabs© services?

Yes. For individual consumers VAT for services is charged based on B2C (business to consumers). In this case charged VAT rate is 25%. If the service recipient is a taxpayer, it is a B2B service (business to business), and in that case VAT is not charged.

http://europa.eu/youreurope/business/vat-customs/cross-border/index_en.htm

I have a registered veterinary practice in an EU country and I am a taxpayer. What price do I pay for AnimaLabs© services?

Fundamental taxing rule of services carried out between taxpayer, or B2B services (business to business), says that the services are taxable according to the service recipients’ residence. The recipient pays the price with zero-VAT and pays VAT in their country at rate applicable in their country (using the reverse charge procedure).

If a customer delivers a VAT number when placing an order, AnimaLabs© will consider a customer as a taxpayer and will not charge VAT.

http://europa.eu/youreurope/business/vat-customs/cross-border/index_en.htm

What information do I need to provide if I have a registered business?

You only need to fill the information related to businesses on our user pages, like VAT number and business name.

I have a registered business in EU country. I filled a VAT number while placing an order, but the VAT is still charged in the cart.

There are multiple reasons for that problem.

  1. Check the residence country in user information (it should be an EU country)
  2. Check if the VAT is accurate
  3. There is a possibility that VIES service is temporarily unavailable. Try again later.

http://europa.eu/youreurope/business/vat-customs/check-number-vies/index_en.htm

Sample collection

Which biological materials can be used for testing?

Sample for inherited diseases tests is a buccal swab. Blood is used in cases of genotyping and pathogen detection. Besides blood, for pathogen detection, rectal and various mucosa swabs are also used, depending on the disease manifestation. Sex in birds is determined from feathers or eggshell.

Can blood samples be used for inherited diseases testing instead of buccal swabs?

Blood can be used as a sample for genetic testing, but buccal swab is the most common and simplest sample and it represents a standard for non-invasive DNA sampling.

How can I be certain that I am collecting the sample properly?

Inside the collection kit you can find detailed Collection instructions that can also be found and downloaded on our website.

Can buccal swabbing hurt the animal?

Process of collecting samples of buccal swabs is simple, safe and painless, and represents no stress to the animal.

Can I take a buccal swab samples from cubs?

Taking buccal swab samples in cubs younger than 8 weeks is not recommended due to the possibility of cross contamination between mother and cubs or cubs within the same litter. In case of receiving buccal swab samples from such animals we do not take the responsibility for a risk of incorrect results. If the puppies have not been weaned, separate the cubs from the mother for at least two hours prior to swabbing and rinse each cub’s mouth with water. Do not provide food for the cubs, but do provide plenty of water to drink.

Can I collect samples from a pregnant female?

Of course, pregnancy does not affect the results of genetic testing.

What if I have more animals at home, besides the one I want to test?

If you have more animals it is important that they do not share water and food bowls at least 2 hours prior to sample collection to avoid contamination of animal’s sample with the DNA of the other animal/s and therefore, avoid incorrect results.

What to do if sampling multiple animals?

When sampling multiple animals, first finish completely the sample collection from the first animal before you continue with the other one. Wash hands between animals or change your gloves if you are using them. It is also important that they do not share water and food bowls at least 2 hours prior to sample collection.

What if the sample does not contain enough DNA to perform the test?

In that case you will be informed about the issue by e-mail and sent another Collection kit in our expense, and repeat the test. Please, strictly follow the Collection instructions to obtain the best possible sample, which can also be found on our web page.

What if one of the swabs is destroyed (animal chewed it, it fell on the floor…)?

If the sample is taken properly, one swab should be sufficient to perform the analysis. The second swab serves as a back-up in case that one swab does not contain sufficient amount of DNA. If both swabs are destroyed, contact us and we will send you another set of swabs.

Can a blood sample be stored in a freezer?

Yes, you can store blood samples in a freezer, but be careful during thawing (it should be done slowly and gradually). Although this can be done, we recommend sending the samples on the day of collection.

How should I send the samples?

Send the collected samples to our address, packed in compliance to Collection instructions. We recommend sending the samples on the day of collection, with exception in case of eggshell sample which should be sent the day after collection.

Can I deliver the samples to the laboratory in person?

Samples cannot be delivered to our laboratory in person due to possibility of contamination and in order to maintain strict laboratory conditions.

Can the samples be collected in the laboratory?

Collection of samples in the laboratory is not possible to avoid any possibility of contamination. If you wish, you can ask your veterinarian to take the sample and then send it to us.

Tests results

What is the turnaround time for testing?

Turnaround time for testing is usually within 5 business days. About exceptions or delays in sending the results the clients will be notified.

Why does it take so long to get the results?

Every test requires completion of several steps in the analysis, which can last for few hours, each. The complexity of analytical steps requires certain amount of time in order to ensure the most exact results.

I sent a few samples at the same time but got my reports back at different times, why?

The results are sent as the analysis is completed. It is possible that some of the samples had lower quality so the analysis took more time to be completed. About any delays outside the usual timeframe, clients are informed via e-mail.

How do I get the test result?

Test results are sent in PDF document by mail and/or e-mail, depending on your choice while placing an order. In case of sending the results by mail, you bear the expenses for service of printing and transport. If you decide to get the result by e-mail only, be sure to check your spam box in case that our e-mail with the results ends up in there due to settings of spam filters of your service provider.

Can I find out the result of a test by phone?

You get the result in a way you choose while placing an order. Information about results cannot be given by phone due to result confidentiality.

How will I know that you have received my samples?

You will be sent a receipt notice on your e-mail address.

What is the language of the result report?

The language of the report is in English.

How do I know that the test is accurate and reliable?

All of the tests performed in our laboratory are based on scientific articles with disease/phenotype-causing mutations explored in details, and the analyses are performed according to highest standards and with superior equipment.

Does your laboratory provide result reports?

Yes. For every test you get a certificate containing the result and identification data of the animal. The authenticity of the certificate is confirmed by digital signature and time stamp.

Is your laboratory ISO 17025 accredited?

Accreditation for our laboratory is in procedure, we expect getting the certificate soon. Accreditation process usually finishes in one year.

Are the results published somewhere? Who can know the result?

The identity of tested samples and the results are not published anywhere. Only the person who placed the order gets the test result. All information about the client, the sample and the results are strictly confidential.

Could some medications affect the result of a genetic test?

Taking drugs does not influence the test results. In exceptional cases it may happen that the analysis will be inhibited by the presence of the drug and would not be possible to complete it.

Does the result of a genetic test change over time?

The result of a genetic test cannot change, it is valid for lifetime.

The test result is positive (the animal came back „affected“), now what?

With regular visits and consultations with your veterinarian you will be able to follow the progress of the disease and do what is possible to delay the onset of the disease.

What if the animal is heterozygous for a mutation („carrier“)?

In that case the animal will not get sick, but precaution should be taken in breeding. If kept in the breeding program, carriers should be bred only with healthy animals in order to get cubs that will not get sick.